Helping Kids with ADHD Focus: Classroom and Home Strategies

As a special education teacher, I’m frequently asked to observe students who appear to be distracted. As teachers, we can’t diagnose but we can find ways to support students who struggle in the classroom, regardless if it’s ADHD.

Today’s classrooms are not what many think, learning is hard and standards must be met, so students spend more time sitting than moving around. Students’ minds move fast, their energy levels fluctuate, and traditional learning environments don’t always meet their needs. Parents often ask, “How can I help my child focus better?”

Understanding ADHD in the Classroom

Children with ADHD often experience:

• Difficulty maintaining attention (especially on non-preferred tasks)
• Impulsivity (blurting out answers, interrupting, acting before thinking)
• Hyperactivity (constant movement, fidgeting, trouble staying seated)
• Executive functioning struggles (organizing materials, following multi-step directions, remembering assignments)

It is important to note that the term “ADD” changed to “Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder” (ADHD) in 2013 with the release of the DSM-52. The official change in terminology occurred with the publication of the DSM-IV in 1994.

What can teachers do within their classrooms?

1. Provide Movement Breaks

Sitting still for long periods is difficult for students with ADHD. Movement can help them focus.

• Allow short brain breaks (e.g., stretching, jumping jacks) between activities.
• Use alternative seating options like standing desks, wobble stools, or yoga balls.
• Let students move while they learn, such as walking while reading or using hand motions for new concepts.

2. Offer Flexible Seating and Workspaces

Some students focus better in quiet spaces, while others do better with background noise.

What Teachers Can Do:

• Create a variety of seating options—quiet corners, floor cushions, or desks with dividers.
• Allow students to choose where they work best for certain tasks.
• Use noise-canceling headphones for students who are easily distracted by sound.

3. Break Down Tasks into Small Steps

Many students with ADHD struggle with multi-step directions.

What Teachers Can Do:

• Give one instruction at a time instead of a long list.
• Use visual checklists to help students stay on track.
• Offer frequent feedback to keep them engaged and motivated.

4. Use Visual and Hands-On Learning Tools

What Teachers Can Do:

• Use graphic organizers to help with writing and reading comprehension.
• Incorporate hands-on activities (e.g., manipulatives in math, science experiments, or interactive notebooks).
• Use color-coding to help with organization (e.g., different colors for subjects or materials).

5. Build Predictable Routines

Changes in routine can be difficult for students with ADHD.

What Teachers Can Do:

• Establish clear daily schedules with visual schedules or timers.
• Give transition warnings before switching activities.
• Maintain consistent classroom rules and expectations.

6. Provide Positive Reinforcement

Students with ADHD often receive negative feedback for their behavior, which can lower self-esteem.

What Teachers Can Do:

• Use praise and rewards for effort, not just accuracy.
• Create a positive behavior system (e.g., sticker charts, token rewards).
• Focus on strengths, such as creativity, problem-solving, and enthusiasm.

7. Allow for Fidget Tools

Fidgeting is a way students with ADHD self-regulate and stay engaged.

What Teachers Can Do:

• Provide fidget tools like stress balls, putty, or small hand-held items.
• Allow doodling or note-taking during lessons to help with focus.
• Set clear rules for using fidgets appropriately (e.g., not distracting others).

What can parents do?

1. Establish a Structured Homework Routine

Homework can feel overwhelming for kids with ADHD, but structure helps.

Tips for Parents:

• Set up a consistent workspace that is quiet and free from distractions.
• Use a visual schedule to outline tasks and break them into small steps.
• Incorporate movement breaks (e.g., 5 minutes of jumping or stretching between assignments).

2. Use Timers and Alarms

Students with ADHD often lose track of time, so timers help them stay on task.

Tips for Parents:

• Use a visual timer (like a Time Timer) to show how much time is left for a task.
• Set a “beat the timer” challenge for short tasks to make it more engaging.
• Try the Pomodoro technique (25-minute work periods followed by 5-minute breaks).

3. Reduce Clutter and Improve Organization

Disorganization makes focusing even harder for students with ADHD.

Tips for Parents:

• Use color-coded folders for different subjects.
• Create a designated homework station with necessary supplies.
• Help your child clean their backpack weekly to prevent lost assignments.

4. Encourage Physical Activity

Exercise helps regulate dopamine levels, improving focus and impulse control.

Tips for Parents:

• Let your child run or play outside before starting homework.
• Consider sports, martial arts, or activities like yoga that improve focus.
• Use active learning strategies (e.g., bouncing a ball while spelling words).

5. Implement a Reward System

Positive reinforcement can help kids stay motivated.

Tips for Parents:

• Use a simple point system (e.g., earning stars for completed tasks).
• Allow your child to “cash in” points for small rewards (e.g., extra screen time, a special outing).
• Praise effort over results to build confidence.

6. Teach Self-Regulation Strategies

Kids with ADHD benefit from learning how to manage their emotions and energy levels.

Tips for Parents:

• Teach deep breathing and mindfulness exercises.
• Use calm-down corners with sensory tools like weighted blankets or stress balls.
• Help them identify what strategies work best for them (e.g., chewing gum, listening to music).

7. Work with the School

Communication between home and school is key to helping students with ADHD succeed.

Tips for Parents:

• Regularly check in with teachers about what’s working and what’s not.
• Advocate for an IEP or 504 Plan if your child needs accommodations.
• Keep track of patterns and triggers that may be impacting your child’s focus.

Kids with ADHD are not lazy, unmotivated, or “bad” students. They simply need the right strategies and support to reach their potential. By making small adjustments—both in the classroom and at home—we can help them develop focus, confidence, and a love for learning.

 

Why Does My Child Need Assessments?

Springtime on any school campus brings a schedule jam-packed with activities, events, celebrations, and, everyone’s favorite, standardized testing. Right at the time when students can almost see the light at the end of the tunnel, they are hit from left and right with test after test, and assessment after assessment. Some forms of standardized testing start early, even in Kindergarten or first grade. My daughter is only in first grade, and at our last parent-teacher conference, we were shown almost 2 years worth of diagnostic and assessment data about her performance.

What Are Your Educational Desires for Your Child?

As a parent, I was torn. I want my daughter to love school. I want her to enjoy reading, writing, and learning. I want her to engage in play with her classmates, and learn the arts, music, and technology. Do I want her to take standardized assessments? Do I really care about those tests in comparison to the other educational desires I have for my child? I found myself sitting across from her teacher at the kidney table, in a chair that was way too small for me, wondering how much emphasis I should put on my daughter’s diagnostic results. The assessment I was being shown was her iReady diagnostic from January. This assessment measures growth by assigning each student an expected growth score based on their first assessment for the year. A lot of analysis goes into determining what this growth score is, but basically they show teachers, students, and parents where a child “should be” by the end of the school year.

How Does My Child Respond to Daily Learning?

I asked my daughter’s teacher if he felt she was trying her best. He said that she is very engaged, tries on all of her work, and turns everything in. She is very kind and helpful, and loves to play with the other kids. At times, she gets distracted or tries to rush through her work to get to the art activity. I decided, with my legs cramping under the tiny table, that I would focus on the good, have a discussion on how she could continue to improve, and tell her how proud I am to be her daddy; and I would not put much emphasis on her standardized test.

What Types of Tests Must My Student Complete?

Students in some grade levels will take a staggering number of tests. In California public schools, students may be taking the ELPAC (an English language proficiency assessment), the CAASPP (a standardized test in reading/ELA and math), the CAST (statewide science assessment), school-based benchmark diagnostics, performance tasks, SATs, ACTs, final exams, and whatever other end-of-year projects and tests teachers need to assign to determine mastery levels and grades. It can all be overwhelming and anxiety-inducing for everyone involved: teachers, administrators, parents, and especially students.

How Can I Support My Child?

Take time to talk with your child about their upcoming assessments. Make sure they know that you expect them to try their best, but that you are proud of them no matter what the outcome. Yes, these assessments are important for students and schools, but they absolutely do not determine the value a child brings to the table. Every child has a unique set of skills, talents, and abilities, many of which cannot be measured by these standardized assessments. Your child needs to know that you see their value and you love them for just who they are.  Ironically, when we take the pressure off and make sure kids know they are loved, they will do better on their tests. With the knowledge of your love and support, they will be able to walk into their tests feeling confident and supported. That is what your child needs from you in this era of assessment.

Embracing Spring Rain: Strategies to Get Kids Outdoors

For my 40th birthday, I was surprised with a trip to Vancouver. As I packed my bags, I was told to bring rain gear—there was no way my family was going to let me stay inside just because of a little rain. I was there to explore, not to hide indoors. The same is true for kids in the spring. Just because it’s rainy or chilly doesn’t mean outdoor play has to stop!

Everyone needs outdoor time, no matter the forecast. In many schools, rainy days mean canceled recess, and that lack of movement can lead to restlessness and frustration. Getting outside, even in less-than-ideal weather, helps with attention, sensory processing, and emotional regulation.

The truth is, outdoor play is just as important in spring as in any other season. Movement helps kids regulate their bodies, develop motor skills, and improve focus. Plus, time spent in nature is proven to reduce stress and boost mood.

Why Outdoor Play Matters in the Spring

1. Supports Physical Health

Jumping in puddles, running through wet grass, and climbing damp playground equipment all help kids build strength, balance, and coordination. Exposure to natural light helps regulate sleep cycles and provides a much-needed vitamin D boost after winter.

2. Helps with Emotional Regulation

Many children, especially those with ADHD, sensory processing challenges, or anxiety, benefit from movement. Physical activity releases dopamine and serotonin, the brain’s “feel-good” chemicals, which can help kids feel calmer and more focused.

3. Reduces Screen Time

With unpredictable spring weather, it’s tempting to stay indoors with screens. While technology has its place, too much screen time can lead to increased irritability, poor sleep, and reduced physical activity. Getting outside—even in the rain—provides a much-needed break.

4. Encourages Creativity and Problem-Solving

Rain and mud offer new ways to play—from making mud pies to floating homemade boats in puddles. Outdoor play challenges kids to think creatively, explore textures, and engage in unstructured, imaginative activities.

Strategies to Get Outside and Enjoy Rainy Spring Days

1. Dress for Success: Waterproof Layers are Key

The biggest barrier to outdoor play in the rain is often being wet and cold. The right clothing makes all the difference. Use a layering strategy to stay dry and warm:

• Base layer: Moisture-wicking materials like wool or synthetic fabrics to keep skin dry
• Middle layer: Fleece or a lightweight sweater for warmth
• Outer layer: A waterproof, wind-resistant raincoat and rain pants
• Accessories: Waterproof boots, rain gloves, and a hat with a brim to keep raindrops out of eyes

2. Make Outdoor Time a Game

If kids are reluctant to go outside, turn it into an adventure. Fun spring outdoor activities:

• Puddle Jumping Contest: See who can make the biggest splash.
• Rainy Day Scavenger Hunt: Look for worms, raindrops on leaves, or reflections in puddles.
• Floating Boat Race: Make small boats from leaves, bark, or paper and race them down a stream or puddle.
• Mud Kitchen Play: Let kids mix mud, sticks, and leaves to create “recipes.”

3. Create a Routine for Outdoor Play

When outdoor time becomes a daily habit, kids adjust to it—even in the rain. Ways to build a routine:

• Morning Movement: A short walk before school can help wake up the brain.
• After-School Play: Instead of heading straight for screens, spend 20–30 minutes outside first.
• Weekend Adventures: Plan a family outing to a park, even if the weather is damp.

4. Find Rain-Friendly Destinations

Sometimes a change of scenery makes all the difference. Great places to visit in the rain:

• Nature trails: Many parks remain accessible and offer beautiful rainy-day scenery.
• Creeks and streams: Spring rain fills creeks and is perfect for floating sticks and boats.
• Botanical gardens: Some have covered areas for rainy-day exploring.
• Outdoor markets: Farmers’ markets still run in light rain, and kids can help pick out seasonal produce.

5. Get Involved in Spring Sports

If your child struggles with free play, structured activities may help. Popular rainy-day outdoor activities:

• Soccer: Wet grass makes for fun sliding kicks.
• Hiking: Trails are peaceful after a rain shower, and the smells of wet earth and blooming flowers can be soothing.
• Cycling: A light drizzle won’t stop the fun, and kids love riding through puddles.
• Fishing: Rainy days often mean better fishing conditions.

6. Use Sensory-Friendly Strategies

Some kids, especially those with sensory sensitivities, find rain overwhelming. The feel of wet clothes, the sound of raindrops, and the smell of damp earth can lead to sensory overload. Ways to help include:

• Let kids play with water indoors first (e.g., with a water table or sink play) before venturing outside.
• Choose soft, tagless clothing to prevent irritation.
• Offer waterproof gloves for kids who dislike the feel of wet hands.
• Use noise-canceling headphones for kids sensitive to the sound of rain.

7. Incorporate Warm-Up Breaks

Cold, wet play doesn’t have to mean staying outside for hours. Make sure kids stay comfortable. Ideas for warm-up breaks:

• Drink hot cocoa or warm tea inside after playing.
• Set a timer for 20-30 minutes outside, then take a short indoor break.
• Create a “warm-up station” with blankets and cozy socks.

8. Make It a Family Activity

Kids are more likely to embrace rainy-day play if parents participate. Ways to make it fun for the whole family:

• Plan a rainy-day nature walk and listen for different sounds of water.
• Take turns choosing outdoor activities for each outing.
• Start a spring tradition, like an annual “Puddle Walk.”

Bringing the Outdoors Inside. On days when it’s just too stormy to go out, bring nature inside. Indoor nature activities include:

• Rain Painting: Let raindrops mix with watercolor paints on paper.
• Indoor Planting: Start a small herb garden in pots near a window.
• Sensory Bins: Fill a bin with damp soil, rocks, or pinecones for a nature-inspired sensory experience.

Spring rain doesn’t have to mean staying inside! With the right gear, creative activities, and a bit of planning, kids can enjoy fresh air, movement, and outdoor fun—even on drizzly days. By embracing outdoor play, you can set an example, help kids build resilience, burn energy, and develop a love for nature in all seasons.

What Should Parents Know About AI?

As a product of the 80s and 90s, I grew up with a bit of uneasiness with the idea of AI.  It seems like a cool idea, to have robots and machines do all of our undesirable tasks.  But movies like Terminator drop a bit of fear of a robot takeover into the back of my mind.  The list doesn’t stop with Arnold, the killer robot: The Matrix, I, Robot, Bicentennial Man, Short Circuit, Wall-E.  They are all movies about how robots take over in some way, shape, or form.  It always seemed far-fetched or like a fantasy from a world too far in the future to become my reality.

Should We Limit the Use of AI for Kids?

But here we are.  AI is quickly becoming a pivotal part of the work we do and how we interact with the world every day.  AI in education is a hot topic of conversation.  Many educators fear the use of AI and want to determine how we can stop students from utilizing the technology to cheat on their assignments.  Of course, we want to make sure students can read, write, and think critically on their own; but is halting the use of AI all together the answer?

I would say no.  As a rapidly expanding technology, AI will continue to become more and more a part of our everyday lives and it is already a tool people use to help ease their workload and to make themselves more productive.  As a school principal, I use AI to generate draft emails, write letters to my school community, generate social media campaign ideas for my staff, and to generate feedback that I can use as seed ideas to share with my staff when I observe their classes.  Of course, I have the knowledge and experience to review the content AI creates for me, so I can use it as an effective tool instead of a way to cheat my way out of responsibilities.  And yes, students will inevitably use this technology to cheat.  However, it is important for parents and educators to embrace this new technology, so we can teach our students powerful, useful, helpful, and ethical ways to use it.

How Can Children Use AI Safely?

As parents, you are your child’s guide to navigating the world. Take the opportunity early on to think about how your child can use AI in a meaningful way.  Without you, they are likely to find all the negative ways to use AI on their own.  With you by their side, they will learn to use a cutting-edge technology to help them on their pathway to productivity and success.

Where Do We Get Started?

As parents, you are your child’s guide to navigating the world. Take the opportunity early on to think about how your child can use AI in a meaningful way.  Without you, they are likely to find all the negative ways to use AI on their own.  With you by their side, they will learn to use a cutting-edge tool to help them learn, grow, and succeed.  Here are some ways to get started using AI at home to show your child that it is nothing to be feared and how to use it effectively:

• Use ChatGPT to suggest a weekend itinerary, help generate ideas for a holiday celebration, and create a family meal plan for the week.
• Use AI tools to generate ideas for fun videos you can post on social media with your kids (you can also use this as an opportunity to teach your kids about Internet safety).
• Take a course together from an online platform like Coursiv. This way you can discuss what you are learning about AI together.
• Try learning some skills together using AI, including graphic design with Canva, or essay revision with Gemini.

No matter how you get started, just be sure to bring your kids along with you.  Don’t be afraid to learn together, and you’ll be amazed how far they go!

Strategies to Help Your Child Love School Again (Part 2)

My previous blog post on Why Your Child Hates School explains reasons for a student’s frustrations with school and how parents can support their struggling child. Here are solutions to Help Your Child Love School Again:

1. Advocate for Your Child

Your child needs you to be their voice, especially when they feel unheard or misunderstood. Work closely with teachers, counselors, and administrators to ensure they receive the support they need.

• Request meetings if you notice ongoing struggles.
• Ask about support services such as speech therapy, occupational therapy, or counseling.
• Work with the school to develop an IEP or 504 Plan if your child qualifies for accommodations.

2. Focus on Strengths and Interests

Every child has strengths and interests that can help them reconnect with learning.

• Find ways to incorporate their passions into their education.
• Encourage them to join clubs, extracurricular activities, or special programs that align with their interests.
• Praise effort and progress rather than just grades.

3. Create a Safe Space at Home

Home should be a place of comfort and safety where your child can decompress.

• Provide opportunities for downtime and relaxation after school.
• Encourage open conversations where your child feels safe sharing their feelings.
• Validate their emotions—“I hear that school is tough for you right now. Let’s work together to make it better.”

4. Teach Self-Advocacy Skills

Empower your child to express their needs and seek support when necessary.

• Teach them how to ask for help from a teacher.
• Encourage them to recognize what strategies work best for them (e.g., using fidgets, taking breaks).
• Help them practice self-regulation and coping skills.

5. Normalize Differences and Challenges

Whether your child is neurotypical or neurodivergent, they need to know that struggles with school do not define them.

• Teach them that everyone has strengths and challenges.
• Encourage a growth mindset—challenges help us grow and learn.
• Remind them that their worth is not tied to grades or performance.

Final Thoughts: Turning Struggle into Success

If your child hates school, it’s important to listen, validate, and take action. There is no one-size-fits-all solution, but by identifying the root cause and implementing targeted strategies, you can help your child feel more confident, supported, and engaged in their education.

Remember, school should not be a place of dread—it should be a place of discovery. With the right support, advocacy, and encouragement, your child can rediscover their love for learning.

If you have concerns about your child’s school experience, reach out to their teachers, special education team, or school counselors. You are not alone in this journey, and together, we can make school a place where all children feel seen, heard, and valued.